Democratic system me teen main organs hote hain – Legislature (law banane wali), Executive (law implement karne wali), aur Judiciary (law interpret karne wali). Separation of powers ka idea yeh hai ki power ek hi haath me concentrate na ho, warna abuse ka risk high ho jata hai.
Iska matlab yeh nahi ki teen totally alag islands hain. They interact, overlap, aur kabhi-kabhi friction bhi hoti hai – jo healthy hai. Legislature broad policies aur statutes pass karti hai; Executive daily governance, schemes, policing, administration handle karti hai; Judiciary dekhti hai ki dono constitutional limits ke andar kaam kar rahe hain ya nahi.
Checks kaise kaam karte hain?
- Courts unconstitutional laws strike down kar sakte hain,
- Legislatures judge-made law ko limited scope me override kar sakti hain,
- Executive appointments, budgets, and political accountability legislatures ke through control hote hain.
Problem tab aati hai jab koi ek organ apni boundary cross karne lage – jaise excessive judicial activism, ordinance-raaj type executive overreach, ya legislature ka sirf rubber stamp ban jana. Debate hoti rehti hai ki ideal balance kya hai.
Citizen ke liye simple takeaway: yeh teenon aapas ke dushman nahi, lekin blind friends bhi nahi. System tab kaam karta hai jab healthy tension maintain rahe.